Thrale history

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Suwalki, Suwalki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland

Tree: UK Thrale family

Notes:

Suwałki (Yiddish: סואַוואַלק / Suvalk)

City in north-eastern Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship), approximately 30 km from the borders with Lithuania, Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) and Belarus.

• 1797:Prussian regulations (until 1807) required Jews to adopt hereditary surnames, carry identity papers, and pay shechita tax.
• 1827: Full residence rights were granted after 1827 Russian partition and the 25-year conscription exemption encouraged immigration from Congress Poland and Russia until the draft was extended to Jews in 1843.
• 1857: Jewish population numbered 6,587 or 62% of the total.
• 1870s-1914: Jewish emigration waves: 1870s–1914 to the United States, South Africa, Britain and Israel. Suwałki Jews were among the earliest members of Hovevei Zion; the first aliyah from the town c. 1840. Suwałki synagogues and periodicals existed in New York and London.
• August 1919–February 1920: pogrom of attacks by Polish soldiers and civilians on Jewish homes and businesses, with looting and several fatalities.
• 1936: anti-Jewish riots and assaults by Polish nationalists.
• 1938: sheltered several thousand Polish Jews expelled from Germany (Zbąszyń crisis).
• September 1939: Nazi occupation; ghetto established; almost all remaining Jews deported to Auschwitz and Treblinka in July–August 1942. Only ~350 of pre-war ~6,000–7,000 Suwałki Jews survived the Holocaust.
• 1945+ Jewish survivors faced renewed antisemitism, including assaults, property seizures and blood libel rumours.
• 1947: One Jewish family remained in Suwałki in the late 20th century.

Birth

Matches 1 to 2 of 2

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Birth	Person ID	Tree
1	FRANCK, Joseph Alexander	Abt 1852	I1486	UK Thrale family
2	KOSKY (KOSKI), Rebecca	9 Oct 1852-10 Oct 1853	I1601	UK Thrale family